Mise-en-scene
- Isolated setting or domestic settings
- Bad things often happen in the night time
- Dark atmosphere, created by expressionistic lighting, shadowy lighting
Camerawork and editing
- Crosscutting for suspense sequences
- Faster cutting for violent action
- Point of view shots for those being watched
- Hand held shots for chase scenes
Characters
- Hedonistic teenagers
- Innocent girls
- Victims become heroes
- Monsters
- Final girl
- Psychologically damaged adults
Icons
- Blood
- Gore
- Knives
- Shadows
- Darkness
- Masks
- Ghosts
- Deformities
Music and Sound
- Heartbeats
- Atmospheric suspense music
- Psycho strings
- Loud bangs and crashes
- Screams
Narratives based on issues/themes emerging
- Good triumphing over evil
- Conflict played out as a battle between good and evil
- The supernatural haunting an individual
- Unfinished business with a villain coming back for revenge
- Confusion with identity
- Unsolved murders
- Unexplained events
Narrative structure
- Conforms to Todorov's equilibrium, disruption, restoration of equilibrium
- Propp's character theory
- Binary oppositions between good and evil, life and death, supernatural and natural - leading to resolution of those conflicts but often with a twist at the end suggesting all is not well
- Victims using their skills to solve the crime and reveal/overthrow the murderer
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